Neon is a bright, reddish-orange colored gas that glows when electricity is applied. It is part of the noble gas group and has an atomic number of 10. It is odorless and tasteless and cannot be combined with other elements to form compounds. It is found in the Earth’s atmosphere as a trace amount and is extracted from air by fractional distillation. Neon is used in a variety of applications, but the largest use is in neon signs for advertising.
In 1898, chemists William Ramsay and Morris Travers discovered the element neon while working with argon. They noticed that a glass tube with the gas lit up when they applied electric discharge. They named it neon based on the Greek word for new (neos). Neon is a rare element. It is less common than helium or carbon, and only makes up about 0.0018 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere, according to Chemicool.
The most common application of pure neon is in neon signs, which was first developed by Georges Claude in 1910. It is also used to make high voltage indicators, television tubes and meter tubes, and can be combined with helium to create gas lasers. It has about two-thirds the density of air, so a balloon filled with pure neon would rise slower than one filled with helium. Neon is an inert element and does not react with other chemicals, but it has been reported that it forms a compound with fluorine.
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