What is Neon?

neon

Neon is a noble gas that is colourless, odourless and tasteless. It is also lighter than air and noncombustible under normal conditions. Like other noble gases, neon is inert and does not react with other elements. However, it can form unstable compounds and weak bonds under very specific (extreme) conditions. This includes Van der Waals molecules and clathrates as well as molecular ions and excimers. It has also been suggested that neon may form a compound with fluorine, although this is not yet proven.

Most people are familiar with the glowing red neon signs that adorn many shop windows. The light comes from an alternating current passing through two electrodes at either end of the tube. The electricity creates enough energy to make atoms of the neon and argon in the tube separate, or ionise. The electrons ionised in the neon atom have more kinetic energy than neutral ones, so they attract each other and create a plasma that carries electrical current between the tube’s electrodes.

The colour of the glow depends on the combination of neon and argon and on their individual energy levels. Different combinations produce different colours. The temperature and pressure of the gases, as well as the amount of electrical current passed through the tube also affect the colour. This is why you will see neon signs in a variety of sizes and styles and can find it in various types of lighting. The glow of neon is very useful to astronomers too, helping them track the gas content of the disks around young stars.